As of May 2025 the FDA has not approved any medical generative AI-based systems for general patient care. But more and more AI co-pilots that aim to assist clinicians are emerging.

Dr. Phil Kennedy stares at the ceiling of a Belizean operating room, determined and fearful. It’s 2014, and the pioneering neurologist – celebrated as the “father of the cyborg” for giving a locked-in patient the power to move a computer cursor by thought – has resorted to extreme measures.